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ARTICLE TYPE : RESEARCH ARTICLE

Published on :   29 Aug 2026, Volume - 2
Journal Title :   WebLog Journal of Infectious Diseases | WebLog J Infect Dis | WJID
Journal ISSN:   3143-0341
Source URL:   weblog icon https://weblogoa.com/articles/wjid.2026.h2908
Permanent Identifier (DOI) :   doi icon https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22532092

HIV/HBV Co-Infection Among Cameroonian Patients Followed at the EPC Hospital of Djoungolo, Yaoundé - Prevalence and Associated Factors

Georges Teto 1 *
Mariam Oudah Dephallah 2
Rachel Kamgaing 1
Beatrice Dambaya 1,3
Alex Durand Nka 1
Ezechiel Ngoufack Jagni Semengue 1
Desiré Takou 1
Collins Chenwi 1
Aude Christelle Ka’e 1
Grace Angong Beloumou 1
Constant Anatole Pieme 4
Joseph Fokam 1,4,5,6,7
Alexis Ndjolo 1,4
1Chantal Biya International Reference Centre for Research on HIV/AIDS Prevention and Management, Yaoundé, Cameroon
2Protestant University Institute, Yaoundé, Cameroon
3National Advanced School of Engineering, University of Maroua, Maroua, Cameroon
4Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
5Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon
6National HIV Drug Resistance Working Group, Yaoundé, Cameroon
7National AIDS Control Committee, Ministry of Public Health, Yaoundé, Cameroon

Abstract

Background: Co-infection with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) worsens liver prognosis and accelerates immunosuppression. In sub-Saharan Africa, updated data on this co-infection remain limited. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of HBV serological markers and identify factors associated with HIV/HBV co-infection among People Living with HIV (PLHIV) followed at the EPC Hospital of Djoungolo (Yaoundé, Cameroon).

Methods: A descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study was conducted in February 2026 among 119 consecutively enrolled PLHIV. Sociodemographic, clinical, and therapeutic data were collected using a standardized questionnaire. Five HBV serological markers (HBsAg, anti-HBs, anti-HBc, HBeAg, anti-HBe) were detected using rapid immunochromatographic tests. R Studio version 4.5.1. was used for analysis, associations were tested using bivariate logistic regression and p<0.05 was set as statistically significant.

Results: The patients’ mean age was 46.2 years, and the population was predominantly female (67.2%). The prevalence of HBsAg was 10.1% (95% CI: 5.3-17.2%), that of anti-HBc was 44.5%, and that of anti-HBs was 16.0%. According to HBV status, 45.4% of patients were susceptible to infection, 34.5% had resolved infection, 10.1% had post-vaccination immunity, and 10.1% had active co-infection. Advanced HIV stage, stage III, was significantly associated with co-infection (OR=5.65; p=0.007), as was the occupation of housewife (p=0.05). Age≥40 years (p=0.001) and duration on antiretroviral therapy ≥10 years (p=0.02) were associated with the presence of anti-HBc.

Conclusion: HIV/HBV co-infection is frequent (10.1%) in this Cameroonian cohort, and nearly half of PLHIV remain vulnerable to HBV infection. These findings advocate for systematic HBV screening among all PLHIV and targeted vaccination of seronegative patients.

Keywords: HIV; HBV; Co-Infection; Prevalence; Associated Factors; Cameroon

Citation

Teto G, Oudah Dephallah M, Kamgaing R, Dambaya B, Durand Nka A, Ngoufack Jagni Semengue E, et al. HIV/HBV Co-Infection Among Cameroonian Patients Followed at the EPC Hospital of Djoungolo, Yaoundé - Prevalence and Associated Factors. WebLog J Infect Dis. wjid.2026.h2908. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22532092
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