Mental Health, Well-Being, and Work-Life Balance in the Slums of Kolkata: Pathways toward Sustainable Urban Development

Abstract

This study explores the everyday lives, mental well-being, and work-life balance of slum population who has lived for more than two generations in the slums of Kolkata. The research has used a qualitative phenomenological design. In-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted. Participants were chosen through purposive sampling so that the sample includes a mix of gender, age, and occupation. Thematic analysis showed that the daily life of these marginalised women is shaped by a mix of structural, community, personal factors. The biggest source of stress for these women was unstable work and financial insecurity. At the same time, supportive relationships with neighbours and their own personal strategies helped them to cope and stay resilient. Spiritual practices, positive thinking, and daily routine maintenance were also tried by the participants as a coping strategy. The study highlights the importance of context-specific resilience, strong social support, and everyday coping strategies practised by these women dwelling in slums of Kolkata. The paper also stresses on the urgent requirement for community-based mental-health programs, policy support, and sustainable urban development.

Keywords: Mental Health; Work-Life Balance; Urban Slums; Sustainable Development; Kolkata

Citation

Jayasree Das. Mental Health, Well Being, and Work-Life Balance in the Slums of Kolkata: Pathways toward Sustainable Urban Development. WebLog J Intern Med. wjim.2026.i0703. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22652959