Dr. Farhat Afrin completed her Ph.D. from Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, India and postdoctoral studies from National Institutes of Health, USA and University of York, UK. An Associate Professor at JIS University with extensive experience in microbial immunology, nanomedicine, and vaccinology, she has earlier served Hamdard University and Taibah University. With over 62 publications in prestigious journals, Dr. Afrin has received numerous honors including American Association of Immunologists Young Faculty Travel Grant, Commonwealth Academic Staff fellowship, Biotechnology Overseas Associateship, to name a few. She has served as Principal Investigator on several research grants and is an esteemed editorial board member of several internationally acclaimed journals and books.

• Dendritic Cell
• DNA and Nano-particles
• Urinary Tract Infections
• Cancer
• Tuberculosis
• Diabetes Mellitus

• Amlabu WE, Nock IH, Islamuddin M, Chauhan G, Abubakar MS, Sahal D, Hemeg H, Afrin F. Antileishmanial activity of Guiera senegalensis. Front Microbiol. Under review 2024.
• Afrin F. Targeting epigenetic engines for leishmaniasis therapy. Biomedical Journal (In press) 2024.
• Want MY, Yadav P, Khan R, Chauhan G, Islammuddin M, Aloyouni SY, Chattopadhyay AP, AlOmar SY, Afrin F. Critical antileishmanial in vitro effects of highly examined gold nanoparticles. Int. J. Nanomed. 16: 7285-95, 2021. (7.033; Q1)
• Hemeg HA, Almutairi AZ, Alharbi NL, Alenezi RF, Alturkostani MA, Ozbak HA, Islam FA. Blood culture contamination in a tertiary care Hospital of Saudi Arabia: A one-year study. Saudi Med. J. 41: 508-15, 2020. (1.422; Q2)
• Afrin F, Khan I, Hemeg H. Leishmania-host interactions – An Epigenetic Paradigm. Front Immunol. 10: 492, 2019. (8.786; Q1)
• Afrin F, Chouhan G, Islamuddin M, Want M, Ozbak H, Hemeg H. Cinnamomum cassia exhibits antileishmanial activity against Leishmania donovani infection in vitro and in vivo. PloS Negl Trop Dis. 13: e0007227, 2019. (4.781; Q1)
• Verma G, Khan MF, Nainwal LM, Ishaq M, Akhter M, Bakht A, Anwer T, Afrin F, Islamuddin M, Husain I, Alam MM, Shaquiquzzaman M. Targeting Malaria and Leishmaniasis: Synthesis and Pharmacological Evaluation of Novel Pyrazole-1,3,4-Oxadiazole Hybrids. Part II, Bioorganic Chemistry 89: 102986, 2019. (5.307; Q2)
• Ozbak HA, El-Sayed WS, Al Hazmi JM, Hassan HA, Al Harbi HE, Afrin F, Abdelrahman AA, Tuker RA, Zakai SA, Alshami I, Abdel-Aziz NA. Isolation of a novel Streptococcus anginosus subspecies, AW1 from wound infection in Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah province. J. Microbiol. Antimicrob. Agents 3(2): 38-45, 2017.
• Want MY, Islamuddin M, Chouhan G, Hani AO, Hassan AH, Chattopadhyay AP, Afrin F. Nanoliposomal artemisinin for the treatment of murine visceral leishmaniasis. Int. J. Nanomed. 12: 2189-2204, 2017. (4.471). (7.033; Q1)
• Shafi S, §Afrin, F, Islamuddin M, Chouhan G, Ali I, Naaz F, Sharma K, Zaman MS. b-Nitrostyrenes as potential anti-leishmanial agents. Front Microbiol. 7: 1379, 2016. (6.064; Q1)
• Islamuddin M., Chouhan G, Want MY, Hani AO, Hassan AH, Afrin, F. Immunotherapeutic potential of eugenol emulsion in experimental visceral leishmaniasis. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 10: e0005011, 2016. (4.781; Q1)
• Want MY, Yadav P, Afrin F. Nanomedicines for therapy of visceral leishmaniasis. J. Nanomed. Nanotechnol. 16: 2143-51, 2016.
• Chouhan G, Islamuddin M, Want MY, Hani AO, Hassan AH, Sahal D, Afrin F. Leishmanicidal activity of Piper nigrum bioactive fractions is interceded via apoptosis in vitro and substantiated by Th1 immunostimulatory potential in vivo. Front Microbiol. 6: 1368-87, 2015. Corrigendum: Front Microbiol. 7: 955, 2016. (6.064; Q1)
• Farooque A, Afrin F, Adhikari JS, Dwarakanath BS. Polarization of macrophages towards M1 phenotype by a combination of 2-deoxy-D-glucose and radiation: Implications for tumor therapy. Immunobiology 221: 269-81, 2016. (3.152; Q2)
• Want MY, Islamuddin M, Chouhan G, Hani AO, Hassan AH, Abdin, MZ, Dasgupta AK, Chattopadhyay AP, Afrin F. Therapeutic efficacy of artemisinin-loaded nanoparticles in experimental visceral leishmaniasis. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 130: 215-21, 2015. (5.268; Q1)
• Chouhan G, Islamuddin M, Want MY, Abdin MZ, Hani AO, Hassan AH, Sahal D, Afrin F. Apoptosis mediated leishmanicidal activity of Azadirachta indica bioactive fractions is accompanied by Th1 immunostimulatory potential and therapeutic cure in vivo. Parasit Vectors. 8: 183-207, 2015 Erratum: Parasit Vectors. 9: 308, 2016. (4.052; Q1)
• Islamuddin M, Chouhan G, Farooque A, Sahal D, Dwarakanath BS, Afrin F. Th1-biased immunomodulation and therapeutic potential of Artemisia annua in murine visceral leishmaniasis. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 9: e3321, 2015. (4.781; Q1)
• Islamuddin M, Chouhan G, Muzamil MY, Tyagi M, Abdin MZ, Sahal D, Afrin F. Leishmanicidal activities of Artemisia annua leaf essential oil against Visceral Leishmaniasis. Front Microbiol. 5: 626, 2014 Corrigendum: Front Microbiol. 6: 1015, 2015. (6.064; Q1)
• Chouhan G, Islamuddin F, Ahmad F, Sahal D, Afrin F. Antileishmanial potential of Piper nigrum seed extracts against Leishmania donovani. Open J. Med. Microbiol. 4: 228-35. 2014. (0.3; Q3)
• Pandey S, Afrin F, Tripathi RP, Gangenahalli G. Conformal coating (encapsulation) of human single cells by biodegradable chitosan nanoparticles and their response assessment in vitro and in vivo. J. Nanopharmaceutics Drug Delivery 2: 227-34, 2014.
• Farooque A, Singh N, Adhikari JS, Afrin F, Dwarakanath BS. Enhanced antitumor immunity contributes to the radio-sensitization of Ehrlich ascites tumor by the glycolytic inhibitor 2-deoxy-D-glucose in mice. PLoS One. 9: e108131, 2014. (3.752; Q1)
• Ahmad M, Tarique M, Afrin F, Tuteja N, Tuteja R. Identification of inhibitors of Plasmodium falciparum RuvB1 helicase using biochemical assays. Protoplasma. 252: 117-25, 2015. (3.186; Q1)
• Sharma M, Afrin F, Tripathi R, Gurudutta G. Transgene expression study of CXCR4 active mutants: Potential prospects in upmodulation of homing and engraftment efficiency of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells. Cell Adh Migr. 8: 384-88, 2014. (3.255; Q2)
• Want MY, Islammuddin M, Chouhan G, Dasgupta AK, Chattopadhyay AP, Afrin F. A new approach for the delivery of artemisinin: formulation, characterization, and ex-vivo antileishmanial studies. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 432: 258-69, 2014. (9.965; Q1)
• Chouhan G, Islamuddin F, Sahal D, Afrin F. Exploring the role of medicinal plant-based immunomodulators for effective therapy of leishmaniasis. Front. Immunol. 5: 193, 2014. (8.786; Q1)
• Islamuddin M, Sahal D, Afrin F. Apoptosis-like death in Leishmania donovani promastigotes induced by eugenol-rich oil of Syzygium aromaticum. J. Med. MicroBiol. 63: 74-85, 2014. (3.196; Q2)
• Jameel M, Islamuddin M, Ali A, Afrin F, Ali M. Isolation, characterization and antimicrobial evaluation of a novel compound Noctacosan 7 beta ol, from Fumaria parviflora Lam. BMC Complement Altern Med. 14: 98, 2014. (4.782; Q4)
• Sharma M, Afrin F, Tripathi RP, Gangenahalli G. Regulated expression of CXCR4 constitutive active mutants revealed the upmodulated chemotaxis and up-regulation of genes crucial for CXCR4 mediated homing and engraftment of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells. J Stem Cells Regen Med. 9: 19-27, 2014. (0.73; Q3)
• Ahmad M, Afrin F, and Tuteja R. Identification of R2TP complex of Leishmania donovani and Plasmodium falciparum using genome wide in-silico analysis. Commun Integr Biol. 6: e26005, 2013. (1.6; Q1)
• Pandey S, Afrin F, Tripathi RP, Gangenahalli G. Human T-cell line (Jurkat cell) encapsulation by nanoorganized polyelectrolytes and their response assessment in vitro and in vivo. J Nanopart Res. 15: 1793-1804, 2013. (2.533; Q2)
• Satija NK, Sharma D, Afrin F, Tripathi RP, Gangenahalli G. High throughput transcriptome profiling of lithium stimulated human mesenchymal stem cells reveals priming towards osteoblastic lineage. PLoS One. 8: e55769, 2013. (3.752; Q1)
• Islamuddin M, Farooque A, Dwarakanath BS, Sahal D, Afrin F. Extracts of Artemisia annua leaves and seeds mediate programmed cell death in Leishmania donovani. J. Med. MicroBiol. 61: 1709-18, 2012. (3.196; Q2)
• Ahmad M, Singh S, Afrin F, Tuteja R. Novel RuvB nuclear ATPase is specific to intraerythrocytic mitosis during schizogony of Plasmodium falciparum. Mol Biochem Parasitol. 185: 58-65, 2012. (1.845; Q2)
• Farooque A, Mathur R, Verma A, Kaul V, Bhatt AN, Adhikari JS, Afrin F, Singh S, Dwarakanath BS. Low dose radiation therapy of cancer: Role of immune enhancement. Exp. Rev. Anticancer Ther. 11: 791-802, 2011. (3.627; Q1)
• Ali I, Sharma P, Suri KA, Satti NK, Dutt P, Afrin F, Khan IA. In vitro antifungal activities of amphotericin B in combination with acteoside, a phenylethanoid glycoside from Colebrookea oppositifolia. J. Med. Microbiol. 60: 1326-36, 2011. (3.196; Q2)
• Sharma M, Satija NK, Afrin F, Gurudatta GU. Stromal Derived Factor-1/CXCR4 Signaling: Indispensable role in Homing and Engraftment of Hematopoietic Stem Cells in Bone Marrow. Stem Cells Dev. 20: 933-46, 2011. (4.39; Q1)
• Rathore S, Sinha D, Asad M, Bottcher T, Afrin F, Chauhan VS, Gupta D, Sieber S, Mohmmed A. A cyanobacterial serine protease of Plasmodium falciparum is targeted to the apicoplast and plays an important role in its growth and development. Mol. Microbiol. 77: 873-90, 2010. (3.979; Q1)
• Ali I, Khan FG, Suri KA, Gupta BD, Satti NK, Dutt P, Afrin F, Qazi GN, Khan IA. In vitro antifungal activity of hydroxychavicol isolated from Piper betle L. Ann. Clin. Microbiol. Antimicrob. 9: 7-15, 2010. (6.781; Q1)
• Satija NK, Singh VK, Verma YK, Gupta P, Sharma S, Afrin F, Sharma M, Sharma P, Tripathi RP, Gurudatta GU. Mesenchymal Stem Cell-based Therapy: A New Paradigm in Regenerative Medicine. J. Cell. Mol. Med. 13: 4385-402, 2009. (5.295; Q2)
• Farooque A, Afrin F, Adhikari JS, Dwarakanath BS. Protection of normal cells and tissues during radio- and chemosensitization of tumors by 2-deoxy-D-glucose. J. Cancer Res. Ther. 5 Suppl 1: S32-5, 2009. (1.331; Q3)
• Satija NK, Gurudatta GU, Sharma S, Afrin F, Gupta P, Verma YK, Singh VK, Tripathi RP. Mesenchymal stem cells: molecular targets for tissue engineering. Stem Cells Dev. 16: 7-23, 2007. (4.39; Q1)
• Sharma S, Gurudatta GU, Satija NK, Pati S, Afrin F, Gupta P, Verma YK, Singh VK, Tripathi RP. Stem cells c-Kit and HOXB4 genes: Critical roles and mechanisms in self-renewal, proliferation and differentiation. Stem Cell Dev. 15: 755-78, 2006. (4.39; Q1)
• Charu R, Stobdan T, Ram RB, Khan AP, Pasha MAQ, Norboo T, Afrin F. Susceptibility to high-altitude pulmonary edema: Roles of ACE and ET-1 polymorphisms. Thorax 61: 1011-12, 2006. (9.102; Q1)
• Bertholet S, Goldszmid R, Morrot A, Debrabant A, Afrin F, Collazo-Custodio C, Houde M, Desjardins M, Sher A, Sacks D. Leishmania antigens are presented to CD8+ T cells by a transporter associated with antigen processing-independent pathway in vitro and in vivo. J. Immunol. 177: 3525-33, 2006 (5.426; Q1)
• Shukla SK, Chaudhary P, Kumar IP, Samanta N, Afrin F, Gupta ML, Sharma UK, Sinha AK, Sharma YK, Sharma RK. Protection from radiation-induced mitochondrial and genomic DNA damage by an extract of Hippophae rhamnoides. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 47: 647-56, 2006. (3.579; Q1)
• Rajput C, Arif E, Vibhuti A, Stobdan T, Khan AP, Norboo T, Afrin F, Qadar Pasha MA. Predominance of interaction among wildtype alleles of CYP11B2 in Himalayan natives associates with high-altitude adaptation. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 348: 735-40, 2006. (3.322; Q1)
• Chaudhary P, Shukla SK, Kumar IP, Namita I, Afrin F, Sharma RK. Radio-protective properties of apple polyphenols: An in vitro study. Mol. Cell. Biochem. 288: 37-46, 2006. (3.842; Q2)
• Rajput C, Najib S, Norboo T, Afrin F, Qadar Pasha MA. Endothelin-1 gene variants and levels associate with adaptation to hypobaric hypoxia in high-altitude natives. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 341:1218-24, 2006. (3.322; Q1)
• Shukla SK, Chaudhary, P, Prem Kumar, I, Afrin, F, Sharma, RK. Hippophae rhamnoides protects both mitochondrial and Nuclear DNA from radiation induced DNA damage. Indian J. Radiation Res. 3: 215, 2006.
• Shukla SK, Chaudhary P, Kumar IP, Afrin F, Puri SC, Qazi GN, Sharma RK. Cytotoxic and radioprotective effects of Podophyllum hexandrum. Environ. Toxicol. Pharmacol. 22: 113-20, 2006. (5.785; Q1)
• Bertholet S, Debrabant A, Afrin F, Caler E, Mendez S, Tabbara K, Belkaid Y, Sacks D. Antigen requirements for efficient priming of CD8+ T cells by Leishmania major-infected dendritic cells. Infect. Immun. 73: 6620-28, 2005. (3.609; Q1)
• **Tabbara K, **Peters NC, **Afrin F, Mendez S, Bertholet S, Belkaid Y, Sacks D. Conditions influencing the efficacy of vaccination with live organisms against Leishmania major. Infect. Immun. 73: 4714 - 22, 2005. (3.609; Q1)
• Rajput C, Makhijani K, Norboo T, Afrin F, Sharma M, Pasha ST, Pasha MA. CYP11B2 gene polymorphisms and hypertension in highlanders accustomed to high-salt intake. J. Hypertens 23: 79-86, 2005. (4.776; Q1)
• Ahsan A, Charu R, Pasha MA, Norboo T, Afrin F, Baig MA. eNOS allelic variants at the same locus associate with HAPE and adaptation. Thorax 59: 1000-1002, 2004. (9.102; Q1)
• Afrin F, Rajesh R, Anam K, Gopinath M, Pal S, Ali N. Characterization of Leishmania donovani antigens encapsulated in liposomes that induce protective immunity in BALB/c mice. Infect. Immun. 70: 6697-706, 2002. (3.609; Q1)
• **Dey T, **Afrin F, Anam K, Ali N. Infectivity and virulence of Leishmania donovani promastigotes: a role for media, source and strain of parasite. J. Eukaryot. Microbiol. 49: 270-274, 2002. (3.88; Q2)
• Afrin F, Dey T, Anam K, Ali N. Leishmanicidal activity of stearylamine-bearing liposomes in vitro. J. Parasitol. 87: 188-93, 2001. (1.343; Q3)
• Afrin F, Anam K, Ali N. Induction of partial protection against Leishmania donovani by promastigote antigens in negatively charged liposomes. J. Parasitol. 86: 730-735, 2000. (1.343; Q3)
• Dey T, Anam K, Afrin F, Ali N. Antileishmanial activities of stearylamine-bearing liposomes. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 44: 1739-1742, 2000. (5.938; Q1)
• Anam K, Afrin F, Banerjee D, Pramanik N, Guha SK, Goswami RP, Saha SK, Ali N. Differential decline in Leishmania membrane antigen-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG), IgM, IgE, and IgG subclass antibodies in Indian kala-azar patients after chemotherapy. Infect. Immun. 67: 6663-69, 1999. (3.609; Q1)
• Anam K, Afrin F, Banerjee D, Pramanik N, Guha SK, Goswami RP, Gupta PN, Saha SK, Ali N. Immmunoglobulin subclass distribution and diagnostic value of Leishmania donovani antigen specific immunoglobulin G3 in Indian kala-azar patients. Clin. Vaccine Immunol (Formerly, Clin. Diag. Lab. Immunol.) 6: 231-35, 1999. (2.598; Q4)
• Afrin F, Ali N. Isotype profiles of Leishmania donovani infected BALB/c mice: preferential stimulation of IgG2a/b by liposome associated promastigote antigens. J. Parasitol. 84: 743-48, 1998. (1.343; Q3)
• Afrin F, Ali N. Adjuvanticity and protective immunity elicited by Leishmania donovani antigens encapsulated in positively charged liposomes. Infect. Immun. 65: 2371-77, 1997. (3.609; Q1)
• Ali N, Afrin F. Protection of mice against visceral leishmanaisis by immunization with promastigote antigen incorporated in liposomes. J. Parasitol. 83: 70-75, 1997. Erratum. J. Parasitol. 83: 792, 1997. (1.343; Q3)
• Chouhan G, Islamuddin F, Sahal D, Afrin F. Exploring the role of medicinal plant-based immunomodulators for effective therapy of leishmaniasis. MDLinx. (2014).
• Artemisinin. Hamdard University New Delhi, Extracts of Artemisia annua leaves and seeds mediate programmed cell death in Leishmania donovani. In: Sesquiterpenes—Advances in Research and Application: p39, 2013 Edition.
• Islamuddin M, Sahal D, Afrin F. Apoptosis-like death in Leishmania donovani promastigotes induced by eugenol-rich oil of Syzygium aromaticum MDLinx. (2013).
• Islamuddin M, Farooque A, Dwarakanath BS, Sahal D, Afrin F. Extracts of Artemisia annua leaves and seeds mediate programmed cell death in Leishmania donovani. Global Medical Discovery. ISSN: 1929-8536 (2013).
• *Farooque A, Singh N, Verma A, Agrahari S, Pandey S, Kumar A, Afrin F, Adhikari JS, Chandna S, Dwarakanath BS. Immunomodulation linked to the depletion of T regulatory cells contributes to the radio-sensitization of tumors by the glycolytic inhibitor 2-deoxy-D-glucose. Abstract published in Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics 8: 468-506 (2012).
• Afrin F., Chouhan G., Islamuddin M., Yadav P., Ahmad F., Want, M.Y. Immunotherapy with leishmanial antigen versus immunochemotherapy in murine visceral leishmaniasis. Abstract published in Journal of Immunology 186(1 Supplement): 106.7 (2011).
• Islamuddin M, Chouhan G, Farooque A, Ahmad F, Tasleem M, Inam S, Khan MAH, Guha S, Zavosh S, Giri P, Khan S, Dwarakanath BS, Afrin F. Comparative immunogenicity of leishmanial antigens in experimental visceral leishmaniasis. Abstract published in International Immunology 22(Suppl 1 Pt 1): i 23-i 35 (2010).
• Bertholet, S., Debrabant, A., Afrin, F., Belkaid, Y., Desjardin, M. and Sacks, D. Antigens released into the Leishmania phagosome avoid the efficient cross-presentation machinery asssociated with ER-mediated phagocytosis by dendritic cells. Abstract published as a supplement in Clinical and Investigative Medicine, Vol. 27 No. 4, August 2004.
• Afrin, F., and Ali, N. Adjuvanticity and protective immunity elicited by Leishmania donovani antigens encapsulated in positively charged liposome. Abstract published in Acta Parasitologica Turcica 21(S1): 35, 1997.
• Afrin F, Rajesh R, Anam K, Gopinath M, Pal S, Ali N. Leishmaniasis: Immunotherapeutic antigens encapsulated in liposomes characterized. Published in Vaccine Weekly, January 22nd, 2003.
• *Gurudutta GU, Satija NK, Afrin F and Tripathi RP. High-throughput transcriptome profiling of human mesenchymal stem cells reveals a role for Wnt/GSK-3 signaling in their hypoimmunomodulation. Nature Precedings 2011. (doi:10.1038/npre.2011.5512.1).

• Gupta S and Afrin F. Revisiting multifunctional nanomedicines for cancer therapy. In: Recent advances in smart drug delivery. Afrin F., Bhuniya S. (Ed). Published by: InTech, Croatia – European Union, 2024 (in press).
• Afrin F and Hemeg H. Introductory Chapter: Leishmaniasis: An emerging clinical syndrome In: Leishmaniasis as re-emerging diseases. Afrin F., Hemeg H. (Ed). Published by: InTech, Croatia – European Union, 2018, ISBN 978-953-51-3476-3, Print ISBN 978-953-51-3475-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.79662.
• Chouhan G, Hani AO, Hemeg HA, Afrin F. Leishmanicidal compounds of natural origin: their prospective mantle in antileishmanial therapy. In: The Battle Against Microbial Pathogens: Basic Science, Technological Advances and Educational Programs. Mendez-Vilas A (Ed). Published by Formatex Research Centre, Spain 2015. ISBN-13 Vol. 1: 978-84-942134-6-5.
• Chouhan G, Islamuddin F, Sahal D, Afrin F. Exploring the role of medicinal plant-based immunomodulators for effective therapy of leishmaniasis. In: Control of Visceral Leishmaniasis by Immunotherapeutic and Prophylactic Strategies. Ali N, Nakhasi HL, Valenzuela JG, Reis AB (Ed). Published by: Frontiers Media, SA, 2015. ISSN: 1664-8714, ISBN 978-2-88919-552-7.

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