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Research Article | Open Access

Published on: 28 Jan 2026

Article ID: wjmd.2026.a2806

Neuromuscular Adaptations of the Rotator Cuff and Scapular Stabilizers Following TheraBand-Based Throwing Training in Symptomatic Volleyball Players with Shoulder Internal Rotation Deficit: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Safrin N* 1 Muthukrishnan P 2

Background: Glenohumeral Internal Rotation Deficit (GIRD) rehabilitation literature lacks comprehensive neuromuscular analysis explaining motor control mechanisms underlying elastic resistance training effectiveness. Current evidence emphasizes range of motion and pain outcomes without addressing rotator cuff and scapular stabilizer activation patterns or co-contraction dynamics essential to shoulder stability.

Objective: This randomized…

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Research Article | Open Access

Published on: 28 Jan 2026

Article ID: wjmd.2026.a2807

Comparative Effects of Progressive TheraBand Throwing Load Versus Conventional Stretching on Posterior Shoulder Tightness, Internal Rotation Deficit, and Tendon Load Tolerance in Volleyball Players: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Safrin N* 1 Muthukrishnan P 2

Background: Despite widespread clinical adoption of stretching interventions for Glenohumeral Internal Rotation Deficit (GIRD) management in overhead athletes, evidence supporting long term GIRD correction and recurrent injury prevention remains limited. Conversely, little empirical evidence exists characterizing how progressive resistance loading affects posterior shoulder tightness resolution, internal rotation deficit correction, and critically, tendon load tolerance…

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Research Article | Open Access

Published on: 08 Jan 2026

Article ID: wjmd.2026.a0805

Association Between Quadriceps Muscle Stiffness and Patellofemoral Joint Loading in College Students with Anterior Knee Pain
P.J. Ameera* 1 P. Muthukrishnan 2

Background: Anterior knee pain (AKP), commonly termed patellofemoral pain syndrome, represents the most prevalent lower extremity complaint in college-aged populations, affecting approximately 25% of physically active students. While quadriceps muscle weakness has been extensively characterized in patellofemoral pain pathophysiology, the role of muscle stiffness—a distinct biomechanical property reflecting tissue resistance to deformation—remains inadequately explored.…

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Case Presentation | Open Access

Published on: 01 Jan 2026

Article ID: wjmd.2026.a0102

‘Schanz Pin Extractor’ Technique for Removal of a Broken Intramedullary Nail
Austin Kloc* 1 Emmanuele Santolini 2 Lamberto Felli 2 Daniel S. Horwitz 1

Intramedullary nail removal is an uncommon but complicated procedure with significant surgical challenges, especially in the case of a broken nail. There are multiple cumbersome techniques for nail removal described that are frought with difficulty. We present a technique designed to take advantage of the difference in metallurgy of a stainless steel Schanz pin and a cannulated titanium intramedullary nail. We use a 5.0 mm self-tapping Schanz pin that is able to be drilled into the softer…

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Systematic Review | Open Access

Published on: 01 Jan 2026

Article ID: wjmd.2026.a0103

Manual and Robotic Assisted Total Hip Arthroplasty: An Analysis of Peri-operative and Post-Operative Complications
Kloc A* 1 Ferrante S 1 Ozdag Y 1 Patil S 1

Introduction: Robotic-assisted total hip arthroplasty usage has been rising among surgeons. This study aims to compare the difference between manual versus robotic-assisted total hip arthroplasty (RA-THA) short-term peri-operative and post-operative complications. Given improved acetabular component placement, we hypothesize that RA-THA is associated with the risk of lower overall complications and fewer revision surgical interventions compared to…

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Research Article | Open Access

Published on: 18 Dec 2025

Article ID: wjmd.2025.l1803

Effectiveness of Stretching and Strengthening Exercise to Correct Upper Postural Changes in Frequent Smartphone Users: Evidence-Based Analysis and Clinical Application
P. Muthukrishnan* 1 S. Rajadurai 2

Smartphone usage has become ubiquitous globally, yet prolonged screen time contributes to significant postural abnormalities including forward head posture and rounded shoulders in regular users. The current study builds upon previous pilot investigations examining the efficacy of targeted stretching and strengthening protocols in correcting these postural deviations. This evidence based review synthesizes findings from recent clinical trials examining interventions designed to ameliorate…

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Review Article | Open Access

Published on: 15 May 2025

Article ID: wjmd.2025.e1501

Mindfulness Practices for Alleviating Pain from Musculoskeletal Disorders
Dr. Ioanna Tsatsou* 1 Dr. Chrysanthi Ntafopoulou 2 Eleni Panagou 3

Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are among the leading causes of disability worldwide, significantly affecting quality of life and imposing a substantial socioeconomic burden. While conventional treatments such as pharmacological and physical therapies remain essential, complementary approaches like mindfulness-based interventions have gained increasing attention. This review explores the application of mindfulness practices in the management of pain associated with MSDs. It discusses…

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