WebLog Journal of Nanomedicine and Nanotechnology

Chemical fertilizer overuse in Pakistan’s wheat systems has led to low nutrient use efficiency, soil degradation, and rising input costs, while conventional biofertilizers suffer from poor storage viability and rapid field decline. This study developed and evaluated a chitosan-zinc oxide nanocomposite encapsulated multi-strain PGPR nano-biofertilizer to reduce chemical NPK dependency without yield penalty. The formulation was synthesized by ionic gelation and characterized for particle size,…