WebLog Journal of Orthopaedics

Background: The human leukocyte antigen (HLA) system is central to immune recognition, orchestrating the distinction between self and non-self-antigens. Its significance in orthopaedics has gained increasing attention due to its involvement in autoimmune disorders, tissue transplantation, and implant-related complications.

Methods: This review synthesises evidence from published literature on the structure, function, and polymorphism of HLA genes…

Background: Type D personality (negative affectivity and social inhibition) is associated with poor outcomes in cardiovascular and orthopaedic populations. Recent studies show significant associations with chronic back pain. Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS), particularly in its non-invasive form of transcutaneous auricular stimulation (taVNS), has emerged as a promising neuromodulatory approach to restore autonomic balance and attenuate inflammatory signaling.

Methods: A systematic…

Lumbar Disc Herniation (LDH) is a common and debilitating condition that often persists or recurs despite conventional medical treatments. It imposes substantial physical, psychological, and social burdens on patients. Modern medicine can offer temporary relief through conservative therapy or surgery, but these approaches do not address the deeper karmic causes that underlie LDH, such as killing karma and the attachment of spirits (souls of deceased humans or animals), which can lead to…