Objective: To review current practice in the diagnosis and management of umbilical anomalies, with emphasis on exomphalos.

Design: Narrative review of published literature and clinical guidelines.

Results: Umbilical anomalies range from minor hernia of the cord to giant exomphalos. Antenatal diagnosis is feasible with ultrasound and MRI. Management strategies vary from primary closure to staged silo reduction and…

Background: Meniscus degeneration is the gradual breakdown of cartilage in the knee that could lead to osteoarthritis. Female athletes in high-impact sports are at an increased risk, but the underlying reason for this is unknown. The deficiency of sex hormones (i.e, Estrogen) is known to influence connective tissue and joint health. Still, the impact of elevated hormones, such as those from oral contraceptives and hormone replacement therapy, is unknown. The study aims to…

Background: While femur fractures typically affect the elderly, HIV-positive patients with end stage renal disease (ESRD) are at an accelerated risk due to prolonged antiretroviral therapy (ART) use and bone loss. The combined impact of these factors on fracture trends remains under-explored.

Objective: To evaluate the association between femur fractures and the coexistence of HIV and ESRD, and to analyze trends in fracture incidence and…

Sarcopenia manifests as age-related skeletal muscle loss accompanied by progressive mitochondrial dysfunction, impaired myokine signaling, and epigenetic aging—yet few randomized controlled trials explore physiotherapy's capacity to reverse these molecular hallmarks. This double-blind parallel RCT evaluated a 12-week mechanobiology-optimized progressive resistance protocol versus stretching control in 80 community-dwelling sarcopenic adults (aged 65-75 years, EWGSOP2 criteria). Primary…

Objective: Infantile colic is a common functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by excessive crying in otherwise healthy infants. This review synthesizes current evidence on epidemiology, etiopathogenesis, pathophysiology, diagnostic criteria, and management strategies in the light of our multicentre international evidence based long term experience.

Design: Narrative review of published systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and guidelines…

Aims: Most of the rehabilitation assessments concentrate on a unidimensional approach which focuses on challenging and measuring either the executive function (cognitive) components of the task or on its motor components of fallers. This study aimed to assess dynamic balance tasks with and without cognitively load in elderly non-fallers.

Methods: Totally 30 elderly participants with age of 65.57 ± 4.00 were included in the study. Non fallers were…

Background: Stroke is defined as the immediate loss of neurological function caused by an interruption of the blood supply to the brain or because of the bursting of blood vessels in the brain. A major problem that has been encountered and recorded by clinicians after a stroke attack is depression, which has been found out in almost 33% of patients, and is termed as post-stroke depression (PSD). The balance in gait impairment in stroke patients affects the functional…

Introduction: Ketamine is widely used for pediatric procedural sedation, but its long-term psychological effects remain unclear. This study examines the incidence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression in children receiving ketamine versus other anesthetics for fracture management.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 677,189 children aged 6–18 who received ketamine or another anesthetic. After 1:1 propensity…

Objectives: Urinalysis requires that urine specimens maintain their biochemical and physical integrity from collection through to analysis. Delays between sample collection and laboratory processing can introduce variability due to chemical and cellular degradation.

Design & Methods: This study evaluated the stability of 11 urine strip parameters and two ratios in 100 samples preserved in BD Vacutainer® UAP tubes and stored at room temperature…

Objective: To assess the risk of colorectal malignancy in CD patients with and without colectomy over time.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted using the TriNetX Research Network, which includes data from 70 U.S. healthcare organizations. A total of 7,315 CD patients who underwent partial or total colectomy were matched 1:1 to 7,315 patients without surgical intervention. Patients with ulcerative colitis were excluded. CRC…