Smartphone usage has become ubiquitous globally, yet prolonged screen time contributes to significant postural abnormalities including forward head posture and rounded shoulders in regular users. The current study builds upon previous pilot investigations examining the efficacy of targeted stretching and strengthening protocols in correcting these postural deviations. This evidence based review synthesizes findings from recent clinical trials examining interventions designed to ameliorate…

Previously, we reported that the von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) tumor suppressor gene induces neural stem cell (NSC) differentiation to neurons, and that VHL's involvement in differentiating NSCs or mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into neurons is related to the inhibition of the JAK/STAT pathway through the proteasomal degradation of proteins following their ubiquitination by the VHL/ elonginBC/Cul2 complex. However, the relationship between VHL and other pathways and factors around VHL-mediated…

Purpose: To describe a case of cytomegalovirus (CMV) anterior uveitis misdiagnosed as presumed ocular tuberculosis (TB) in an immunocompetent immigrant patient, leading to delayed diagnosis, corneal graft failure, and eventual vision loss.

Observations: A 74-year-old Filipino male with recurrent unilateral hypertensive anterior uveitis and a positive QuantiFERON-TB Gold test was treated for presumed ocular TB with RIPE therapy. Despite treatment,…

Brown tumors are bone manifestations of hyperparathyroidism (HPT). They usually occur in severe forms accompanied by signs of periosteal bone resorption. Their treatment mainly relies on parathyroidectomy.

We report a series of 9 cases of primary hyperparathyroidism revealed by a brown tumor. These clinical cases highlight the importance of phosphocalcic assessment in the presence of any bone swelling suggestive of a brown tumor.

Keywords: Brown Tumor;…

Oncocytic thyroid carcinoma is a rare tumor characterized by the proliferation of Hürthle (oncocytic) cells. It is an aggressive tumor and is insensitive to radioiodine therapy. We report a series of five patients diagnosed with oncocytic carcinoma.

Keywords: Oncocytic Carcinoma; Hürthle Cell Tumor; Total Thyroidectomy; Radioiodine Therapy

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a frequent complication that generally evolves favorably; however, thromboembolic complications may occur. Pulmonary embolism is a rare complication. We report a series of five cases of type 1 diabetic female patients presenting with DKA complicated by thromboembolic disease, along with a review of the literature.

Keywords: Thrombosis; Hypercoagulability; Prophylactic Anticoagulation; Pulmonary Embolism

Objective: To review current practice in the diagnosis and management of umbilical anomalies, with emphasis on exomphalos.

Design: Narrative review of published literature and clinical guidelines.

Results: Umbilical anomalies range from minor hernia of the cord to giant exomphalos. Antenatal diagnosis is feasible with ultrasound and MRI. Management strategies vary from primary closure to staged silo reduction and…

Background: Meniscus degeneration is the gradual breakdown of cartilage in the knee that could lead to osteoarthritis. Female athletes in high-impact sports are at an increased risk, but the underlying reason for this is unknown. The deficiency of sex hormones (i.e, Estrogen) is known to influence connective tissue and joint health. Still, the impact of elevated hormones, such as those from oral contraceptives and hormone replacement therapy, is unknown. The study aims to…

Background: While femur fractures typically affect the elderly, HIV-positive patients with end stage renal disease (ESRD) are at an accelerated risk due to prolonged antiretroviral therapy (ART) use and bone loss. The combined impact of these factors on fracture trends remains under-explored.

Objective: To evaluate the association between femur fractures and the coexistence of HIV and ESRD, and to analyze trends in fracture incidence and…

Sarcopenia manifests as age-related skeletal muscle loss accompanied by progressive mitochondrial dysfunction, impaired myokine signaling, and epigenetic aging—yet few randomized controlled trials explore physiotherapy's capacity to reverse these molecular hallmarks. This double-blind parallel RCT evaluated a 12-week mechanobiology-optimized progressive resistance protocol versus stretching control in 80 community-dwelling sarcopenic adults (aged 65-75 years, EWGSOP2 criteria). Primary…