The association between primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) and non-medullary thyroid carcinoma is rare and is most often discovered incidentally during surgical exploration or histopathological examination. We report a case series of three patients presenting with thyroid carcinoma associated with primary hyperparathyroidism. We describe the clinical presentation, imaging findings, surgical management, and histopathological features. This coexistence raises pathophysiological questions and…

IntroductionVentilator asynchrony is a frequent yet under-recognized problem in mechanically ventilated patients. Failure to detect asynchrony early may lead to prolonged ventilation, respiratory muscle weakness, and delayed rehabilitation. Recent advances in artificial intelligence have introduced smart camera and waveform-based systems capable of detecting subtle asynchrony patterns in real time Artificial Intelligence and Smart Monitoring Systems.

Wolfram Syndrome (WS), also known as DIDMOAD (Diabetes Insipidus, Diabetes Mellitus, Optic Atrophy, and Deafness), is a rare neurodegenerative disorder [1, 2]. This condition features symptoms that typically appear progressively from childhood through adulthood [3, 4, 5]. Diagnosis is based on specific clinical criteria and confirmed by genetic testing for mutations in the WFS1 gene [6, 7]. Insulin therapy remains the mainstay treatment for diabetes mellitus, but incretin analogs may provide…

Objective: The objective of this case study is to examine the effects of a structured Clinical Pilates (CP) intervention on functional mobility, balance, disability, quality of life, and selected biochemical markers in a 69-year-old male patient diagnosed with Idiopathic Inflammatory Myositis (IIM). Limited evidence regarding CP’s potential to improve functional mobility, balance, and psychosocial well-being in this population underscores the urgent need for exploratory,…

Objectives: To synthesise current evidence on modified and extended anorectal myomectomy and transanal endosurgical procedures as diagnostic and therapeutic tools in congenital and acquired colorectal motility disordersand to clarify their role alongside manometry, radiology, and histopathology in contemporary clinical practice [1-4].

Design: Narrative review.

Data Sources: Peer-reviewed literature from PubMed,…

This manuscript describes two exceptionally rare neonatal presentations of synchronous multiple neural tube defects (NTDs), involving separate thoracolumbar, lumbar, and sacral myelomeningoceles. We report two neonates presenting with synchronous dual and triple, open and closed spinal dysraphisms—distributed across thoracolumbar, lumbar, and sacral regions— without associated cranial defects. Both infants underwent early surgical repair. Case 1 demonstrated favorable early neurological…

Background: Beedi rolling is a highly repetitive occupation characterized by prolonged static postures and forceful hand movements, making workers vulnerable to work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSDs). The prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms in beedi workers ranges from 34.6% to 87.0% across different populations.

Objective: To assess occupational ergonomic risk factors in beedi workers using the Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) and…

Background: Anterior knee pain (AKP), commonly termed patellofemoral pain syndrome, represents the most prevalent lower extremity complaint in college-aged populations, affecting approximately 25% of physically active students. While quadriceps muscle weakness has been extensively characterized in patellofemoral pain pathophysiology, the role of muscle stiffness—a distinct biomechanical property reflecting tissue resistance to deformation—remains inadequately explored.…

Introduction: Hungry Bone Syndrome (HBS) is a rare but potentially severe metabolic complication following parathyroidectomy, occurring mainly in patients with severe primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) and high bone turnover [1–3].

Case Reports: We report two cases of HBS occurring after parathyroidectomy for advanced primary hyperparathyroidism. Both patients presented with marked preoperative hypercalcemia, very high parathyroid hormone (PTH)…

Introduction Maturity Onset Diabetes of the Young (MODY) is a heterogeneous group of monogenic diabetes characterized by a primary defect in insulin secretion. It is a rare form of diabetes caused by autosomal dominant mutations, usually non-autoimmune and non-ketotic [1, 2]. The diagnosis of MODY is often overlooked in resource-limited countries, notably due to the frequent unavailability of genetic testing [3].

This study reports a series of 12 suspected MODY diabetes cases…